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LINUX
It is an open source Operating System by using that user/applications can communicate with hardware and software components. it is known for stability, security, flexibility
Features
* Linux started around 1991 by Linux Torvalds
* Linux is a Multi-user, Multi-tasking Operating System
* Linux is 'case sensitive' ls is different LS
* It is user friendly and provides both CUI and GUI support
* Following are the Linux distribution
flavors- Red hat, centos, ubuntu, Fedora, Debian, Slackware (distrowatch.com)
Linux Architecture
Application - It is the first layer in Linux architecture and consists of various applications that run on the OS.
Ex - Browsers, Mail, MP3 players, etc.
shell
- shell is a outer layer of OS
- Interface between user and application
- shell reads given cmd, verify syntax and check whether the command related application is available or not. if it is proper, then interpreter our cmd into kernel understandable form and hand over to kernel
kernel
- It is responsible to execute our commands
- It is memory allocation and process allocation will take care by kernel
How to connect the Linux operating system ?
(Putty, super putty, MobaXterm, Git Bash DevOps Tools They have all the technology tools.
If file needs to be downloaded from server or upload from local system then
WinSCP - for windows,
FileZilla - Windows/Mac/Linux Bash.)
Linux file system is case sensitive.( Suma and SUMA both are diff)
hidden files starts with .(dot) extension
(.)dot refers to current Dir
/ - It is called root directory
bin : It contains the commands and binary files. user can access the cmds
Ex: ls, mkdir, cd , ps
boot : It contains which are required to boot Linux operating system
dev : It contains the device files
Ex : USB, Floppy Disk , RAM ,Hard Disk
etc : It contains the system configurations files. All user, groups, hosts information available in etc directory
Ex : sudoers, passwd, shadow, groups , motd(message of the day)
home : It contains all home directories for all the users to store their personal files
Ex: home/kusuma or home/Suma
lib : It contains the system libraries required by our cmd and applications
media : file of automatic mounting will be placed inside this directory
mnt : Have to attach external file system from pen drive, cd, hard disk
this attachment process is called mounting
[ mnt - contains manual mounting files]
[media - contains automatic mounting files]
opt : third party software installations files
Ex : google, chrome, maven
proc : It contains the process information
the current running process data will be stored inside proc dir
Ex : ps , pid
root : It is home dir of super user
[/ - acts as a root dir for Linux]
[root - acts as a sub dir of / ]
sbin : It contains system binary files
Ex : shutdown, useradd, reboot
[bin - executable cmd used by normal user]
[sbin - executable cmd used by root/super user]
temp : it contains all temporary files created in current session
# temp files will deleted automatically at the time of system shutdown
user : It contains the binary and libraries. WAS or DB2 etc related software will installed in this directory
var : It contain variable files. This includes system log files( /var/log), emails
( /var/mail), sever logs Jenkins logs
# if any data will keep on changing such type of data will stored inside var
thank you so much for reading this